When do I use Component vs Full URI?

Component (encodeURIComponent) is for individual parameter values — it escapes every non-safe character, including :/?#&=. Full URI (encodeURI) is for whole URLs — it preserves :/?#&= so the URL syntax survives. The trap: if you run a complete URL through Component, your https:// becomes https%3A%2F%2F and nothing works. If you're unsure, Component is the safer default for a single value; reach for Full URI only when you're encoding an already-built URL string.

Why does space sometimes encode as + and sometimes as %20?

Two conventions, both legal. Form-encoded payloads (application/x-www-form-urlencoded, the old HTML form convention) use + for space. Modern percent-encoding uses %20. URLSearchParams in browsers emits +. The bug is mixing them — your search for "hello world" comes back as "hello+world" if one side encoded with + and the other decoded with %20-only rules. Always decode with the same rule you encoded with.

Why does é become %C3%A9 instead of %E9?

Because the modern URL standard (since 2005) is UTF-8 first. The é in UTF-8 is two bytes — 0xC3 0xA9 — so percent-encoding gives you two %XX sequences. Old systems used the single-byte Latin-1 form (%E9), which is now non-standard and the source of about half the "weird character" bugs you'll hit when integrating against older APIs.

Can I encode a URL twice safely?

Only when you mean to. Intentional double-encoding shows up in OAuth redirect chains where one encoded URL gets passed as a parameter inside another — each layer must decode in reverse. The accidental version is the bug you'll actually see: %20 turns into %2520 because something encoded an already-encoded value. If you spot %25 in production URLs that shouldn't have literal percents, run the value through the decoder — if % sequences are still there, decode again. Each pass strips one layer.

URL Encoder / Decoder — Percent-encode and decode URLs and query parameters

Base Converter

Convert integers between binary (base 2), octal (base 8), decimal (base 10), and hexadecimal (base 16) — built for programmers debugging memory addresses, bitmasks, and hex colors.

Unix Timestamp Converter

Translate Unix epoch timestamps (seconds or milliseconds since Jan 1 1970 UTC) to readable ISO, UTC, and local-timezone dates — auto-detects format and handles the Y2038 problem.

Color Converter

Translate colors between HEX, RGB, and HSL with a live swatch preview — built for CSS work, brand palette design, and converting Tailwind shades between formats.

Word Counter

Live word, character, sentence, and paragraph counter with reading and speaking time estimates — ideal for essays, blog SEO, tweets within 280 chars, and timed speeches.

Case Converter

Instantly convert text between UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case, Sentence case, camelCase, PascalCase, snake_case, and kebab-case — ideal for variable renaming, URL slugs, and headings.

Password Generator

Generate cryptographically secure random passwords (6 to 64 chars) using the browser's Web Crypto API, with strength meter and optional uppercase, digits, and symbol character sets.

Text Reverser / Palindrome Checker

Reverse any text character-by-character or word-by-word, plus check classic palindromes like "A man, a plan, a canal: Panama" while ignoring spaces, punctuation, and case.

QR Code Generator

Create QR codes from URLs, text, Wi-Fi, contact cards, email, phone, SMS, and locations. Free PNG and SVG download.

Premium Converters

Premium Converters

URL Encoder / Decoder